Performance of plantar flexor muscles with eccentric and isometric contractions in intact rats.

PURPOSE To examine the changes in performance of active plantar flexor muscles of rats by controlled dorsiflexion (i.e., stretching of muscles) at two angular velocities. METHODS Repeated stretches (30) at two velocities of ankle rotation [slow stretch (0.87 rads x s(-1) (i.e., 50 degrees x (s-1))), fast stretch (10.47 rad x s(-1) (i.e., 600 degrees x s-1))] were superimposed on maximally active muscles from an ankle position of 1.57 rad to 0.70 rad (i.e., from 90 degrees to 40 degrees). Repeated isometric contractions (30) of the same duration (1,900 ms) and rest interval (3 min) were performed at 1.13 rad (i.e., 65 degrees). Performance was assessed by measuring the isometric torque at ankle positions of 1.57 and 0.70 rad, work during concentric contractions [range of motion 1.22 rad (i.e., 70 degrees)], and the time to produce 50% of the maximal isometric torque. RESULTS Thirty isometric contractions resulted in a linear reduction in torque (total deficit of 13.8% at 1.57 rad), whereas for slow and fast stretches, half of the total, nonlinear deficit at 1.57 rad (about 30%) was completed after six stretches. Increases in half contraction times were larger for stretches than for isometric contractions. Reductions in isometric torque were greater at an ankle position of 1.57 rad than at 0.70 rad. One hour of rest after the repeated stretches and isometric contractions did not restore muscle performance. CONCLUSIONS Isometric contractions of skeletal muscle can create a torque deficit which is much less than that after stretches. Repeated fast and slow stretches resulted in similar torque deficits which did not recover after a rest period of 1 h.